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Underground excavation equipment
Application of Kotuo Electric Control Systems in Underground Tunneling Equipment
A tunnel boring machine, also known as a full-face tunneling machine, is commonly referred to in China as TBM (hard-rock tunnel boring machine) when used for excavating in rock strata, and simply as a shield machine when used for excavating in soft soil strata. It plays a crucial role in subway construction, tunnel engineering, mining operations, and water conservancy projects.
A tunnel boring machine typically consists of a cutterhead, shield body, propulsion system, segment assembly mechanism, and muck removal system. In each of these systems, the variable-frequency drive system is an essential component.
The cutterhead drive system, also known as the main drive frequency conversion control system, typically consists of a control section and a variable-frequency drive section. A key feature of its variable-frequency drive component is its ability to provide high-power, multi-motor synchronous output, enabling it to simultaneously drive multiple cutterhead motors and collectively rotate the cutterhead. In view of the characteristics of multi-motor transmission and the limited space available in underground applications, the main drive frequency conversion control system adopts a modular design that allows for flexible combinations based on actual power requirements. This design supports power adjustments as well as maintenance and repairs under field conditions. The overall equipment structure is compact and boasts a high power density.
The main-drive variable-frequency control system is specially designed with enhanced cooling, dehumidification, and protection features to address the harsh conditions of underground tunneling sites, such as high temperatures, high humidity, and high dust levels. For instance, for air-cooled main-drive VFD systems, Changsha Ketao has developed and designed an independent-airflow cooling solution, enabling standard air-cooled VFDs with an IP21 enclosure rating to be used effectively in underground tunneling environments. As for water-cooled main-drive VFD systems, the entire system employs liquid cooling (water cooling) for heat dissipation; the cabinet surface no longer features cooling vents, thus providing a more effective, fully sealed environment for electrical components. Whether air-cooled or water-cooled, the main-drive VFD systems meet an IP55 basic protection rating, and we can also customize systems with even higher protection ratings according to customer requirements, ensuring safe and stable operation.
The main-drive variable-frequency control system is compatible with both induction motors and permanent-magnet motors, meeting customers’ diverse motor requirements. In addition, the entire system features multiple protection functions, including overvoltage protection, undervoltage protection, overcurrent protection, phase-loss protection, overload protection, short-circuit protection, ground-fault protection, and fault alarm. By employing real-time monitoring and an intelligent early-warning system, the system enables accurate fault localization and rapid response, thereby keeping equipment risks at an early stage, reducing unplanned downtime and maintenance costs, and delivering significant economic benefits to customers.
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